{"id":14316,"date":"2024-03-06T01:40:50","date_gmt":"2024-03-06T08:40:50","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/cbs26.com\/index.php\/2024\/03\/06\/a-century-after-the-last-caliph\/"},"modified":"2024-03-06T01:40:50","modified_gmt":"2024-03-06T08:40:50","slug":"a-century-after-the-last-caliph","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/cbs26.com\/index.php\/2024\/03\/06\/a-century-after-the-last-caliph\/","title":{"rendered":"A century after the last caliph"},"content":{"rendered":"<div>\n<div>\n<p data-testid=\"drop-cap-letter\" data-el=\"text\" dir=\"null\"><i>You&rsquo;re reading an excerpt from the This day&rsquo;s WorldView e-newsletter. <\/i><a href=\"https:\/\/www.washingtonpost.com\/newsletters\/todays-worldview\/?itid=lk_inline_manual_1&amp;itid=lk_inline_manual_1&amp;itid=lk_inline_manual_1&amp;itid=lk_inline_manual_1&amp;itid=lk_inline_manual_1&amp;itid=lk_inline_manual_1&amp;itid=lk_inline_manual_1&amp;itid=lk_inline_manual_1&amp;itid=lk_inline_manual_1&amp;itid=lk_inline_manual_1\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><i>Enroll to accumulate the leisure free<\/i><\/a><i>at the side of info from in the future of the globe and fascinating recommendations and opinions to know, sent to your inbox each and each weekday.<\/i><\/p>\n<p data-testid=\"drop-cap-letter\" data-el=\"text\" dir=\"null\"><b>A centennial took assign this week with little commemoration<\/b>. It&rsquo;s been 100 years for the reason that world had a formally identified caliphate. That&rsquo;s because, on March 3, 1924, the leaders of the then-contemporary, secular Turkish republic moved to abolish the institution that had prevailed in varied kinds for centuries, stretching aid to the founding of Islam.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<p data-testid=\"drop-cap-letter\" data-el=\"text\" dir=\"null\">The caliph &mdash; no longer wholly in incompatibility to the pontiff in Rome for Catholics &mdash; used to be the leading, unifying temporal authority of the Muslim world. The institution shifted in the future of the expanding political geography of Islam, transferring from Arabia to the frail cities of Damascus, Syria, and Baghdad and later to Egypt. Its clout and authority waxed and waned by strategy of wars, invasions and political upheavals, but it persevered. Because the Ottoman Empire modified into a continent-straddling Muslim superpower, its sultan assumed the non secular trappings of the Caliph.<\/p>\n<p data-testid=\"drop-cap-letter\" data-el=\"text\" dir=\"null\">Nonetheless the caliphate didn&#8217;t live on the Ottoman empire&rsquo;s turbulent collapse and disintegration by the reside of World War I. By 1924, Turkey&rsquo;s contemporary leaders &mdash; essentially the ruthlessly modernizing Mustafa Kemal Pasha, or Ataturk, as he&rsquo;s broadly remembered &mdash; had already dismantled the Ottoman sultanate in their fashioning of a contemporary Turkish narrate out of the ashes of empire. The non secular role of the Caliph used to be tranquil occupied by Abdulmejid II, a meek Ottoman scion who would rapidly be compelled into exile together along with his fast family.<\/p>\n<p data-testid=\"drop-cap-letter\" data-el=\"text\" dir=\"null\">Up-to-the-minute observers vital how briskly it all ended. Mohamed Barakatullah, an Indian pan-Islamist sympathetic to the caliph&rsquo;s danger, <a href=\"https:\/\/www.firstpost.com\/opinion\/a-hundred-years-since-the-last-caliph-left-constantinople-13745019.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">wrote<\/a> how Ataturk proposed &ldquo;the abolition of the institution&rdquo; of the caliphate, the expulsion of the caliph&rsquo;s family and the confiscation of their property. That used to be adopted by a bill passing the republic&rsquo;s national meeting with an overwhelming majority in make stronger. Then a delegation of officers went to Dolmabahce Palace in Istanbul, <a href=\"https:\/\/www.firstpost.com\/opinion\/a-hundred-years-since-the-last-caliph-left-constantinople-13745019.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Barakatullah recounted<\/a>&ldquo;the assign they ordered the [caliph] to seat himself upon the throne, whereupon the decree declaring his deposition used to be read. The [caliph] used to be then commanded to tumble from the throne and build arrangements for his fast departure.&rdquo;<\/p>\n<p data-testid=\"drop-cap-letter\" data-el=\"text\" dir=\"null\">The Cases of London <a href=\"https:\/\/martinkramer.org\/2024\/03\/04\/a-century-without-a-caliph\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">wrote in its dispatch<\/a> of his somber farewell by educate, &ldquo;He spoke to no person apart from the Chief of Police, whose accountability it used to be to escort him to the frontier. When, in direction of hour of darkness, the Simplon-Orient Categorical arrived with a sure reserved coach the Caliph straight away entered the educate, asserting a few form words to the officers. The Caliph used to be very worthy moved, and several of those fresh burst into tears.&rdquo;<\/p>\n<p data-testid=\"drop-cap-letter\" data-el=\"text\" dir=\"null\"><b>In our historical memory, the reside of the caliphate is inseparable from the birth of the Turkish republic. <\/b>Sandor Lestyan, a Hungarian correspondent for a Budapest newspaper, <a href=\"https:\/\/martinkramer.org\/2024\/03\/04\/a-century-without-a-caliph\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">wrote<\/a> from Istanbul on March 3, 1924, that there used to be a &ldquo;accumulate of pleasure&rdquo; in the metropolis that &ldquo;one feels when a deeply desired wish is fulfilled or when an match opens contemporary, promising paths for one&rsquo;s lifestyles.&rdquo; He watched Ataturk and diversified Turkish officers push by strategy of the bill abolishing the institution. &ldquo;What used to be sacred and untouchable for nine hundred years has been rendered light by a straightforward vote,&rdquo; he thrilled.<\/p>\n<p data-testid=\"drop-cap-letter\" data-el=\"text\" dir=\"null\">In international reportage, a stark sage used to be already narrate: An Oriental anachronism used to be being swept away by the tide of historical past. The dissolution of the caliphate, <a href=\"https:\/\/www.economist.com\/europe\/1924\/03\/08\/the-abolition-of-the-caliphate\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">vital the Economist on March 8, 1924<\/a>&ldquo;marks an epoch in the expansion of Western recommendations over the non-Western world, for our Western principles of national sovereignty and self-government are the actual forces to which the uncomfortable &lsquo;Abdu&rsquo;l Mejid Efendi has fallen a victim.&rdquo;<\/p>\n<p data-testid=\"drop-cap-letter\" data-el=\"text\" dir=\"null\">Ataturk would meander on to dramatically change into Turkey: The Arabic script used to be shed for the Latin one; mosques delivered sermons in Turkish, no longer Arabic; muscular nationalism and draconian secularism outlined the narrate, worthy to the chagrin of more pious Turks and ethnic minorities just like the Kurds.<\/p>\n<p data-testid=\"drop-cap-letter\" data-el=\"text\" dir=\"null\">The loss of the caliphate had an evident impact effectively past in style Turkey&rsquo;s borders. Madden over the submit-World War I dismemberment of the Ottoman Empire inflamed the politics of British-dominated India, with limitless Indian Muslims mobilizing in what used to be dubbed the Khilafat Glide. It drew the make stronger of diversified non-Muslim Indian opponents to British rule, at the side of Mahatma Gandhi.<\/p>\n<p data-testid=\"drop-cap-letter\" data-el=\"text\" dir=\"null\"><b>Other makes an strive at reviving the institution of the caliphate in utterly different locations in the Muslim world flared in the 1920s. <\/b>Nonetheless they had been fast-lived, Middle East student Martin Kramer <a href=\"https:\/\/martinkramer.org\/2024\/03\/04\/a-century-without-a-caliph\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">vital<\/a>. &ldquo;After the Thirties, the caliphate remained a peculiar slogan for eccentrics, till more latest cases, when caliphate fever seized a number of the more apocalyptic Islamists, those hooked in to reenacting early Islam in painstaking detail,&rdquo; <a href=\"https:\/\/martinkramer.org\/2024\/03\/04\/a-century-without-a-caliph\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">he wrote<\/a>gesturing to the violent delusions of the Islamic Assert and Islamist militants.<\/p>\n<p data-testid=\"drop-cap-letter\" data-el=\"text\" dir=\"null\">The disappearance of the caliphate &mdash; that is, an anchoring non secular authority for Muslims, particularly Sunnis, in the future of the world &mdash; left a deep attach on 20th century politics. &ldquo;The total phenomenon of radical Islam emerges in this context,&rdquo; Mustafa Akyol, a Turkish commentator, journalist and creator of &ldquo;Islam without Extremes: A Muslim Case for Liberty,&rdquo; advised me. &ldquo;The origins of the complications of militant Islamism comes out of this vacuum.&rdquo;<\/p>\n<p data-testid=\"drop-cap-letter\" data-el=\"text\" dir=\"null\">Akyol offered a beguiling counterfactual: What if the caliphate had persevered as an self sustaining, non secular entity, significantly along the strains of the Vatican in the newly invented Italian republic of the nineteenth century? He pointed to an episode in 1899, when Ottoman Sultan Abdulhamid II extinct his authority as caliph to lend a hand clean a Filipino Muslim insurgency, <a href=\"https:\/\/historynewsnetwork.org\/article\/mustafa-akyol-remembering-abdul-hamid-ii-a-pro-ame\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">worthy to the gratitude of U.S. diplomats<\/a> whose government had appropriate started their colonization of the archipelago. May perhaps maybe perhaps a submit-World War I Caliph in Istanbul were in a position to play this type of moderating role in the a few years thereafter?<\/p>\n<p data-testid=\"drop-cap-letter\" data-el=\"text\" dir=\"null\">The persistence of some accumulate of Ottoman caliph would obtain had more fast implications for novel Turkey. Ataturk&rsquo;s legacy sowed the seeds of the political backlash now viewed in the religiously tinged nationalism of long-ruling Turkish President Recep Tayyip Erdogan. &ldquo;Turkey would perhaps maybe even obtain averted the excesses of the Kemalist &ldquo;single celebration&rdquo; generation &mdash; particularly the &ldquo;revolutions&rdquo; that blatantly violated spiritual freedom &mdash; and build a more faith-pleasant secularism,&rdquo; <a href=\"https:\/\/twitter.com\/AkyolinEnglish\/status\/1764355707871080671\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Akyol argued<\/a>. &ldquo;Then it would perhaps maybe even obtain averted the revengeful spiritual comeback underneath Erdogan, too.&rdquo;<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/www.washingtonpost.com\/world\/2024\/03\/06\/century-after-last-caliph\/\" class=\"button purchase\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" target=\"_blank\">Read More<\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>You&rsquo;re reading an excerpt from the This day&rsquo;s WorldView e-newsletter. Enroll to accumulate the leisure&#8230;<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":14317,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[2067,2066],"tags":[],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v23.5 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/wordpress\/plugins\/seo\/ -->\n<title>A century after the last caliph - CBS26 Arizona<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/cbs26.com\/index.php\/2024\/03\/06\/a-century-after-the-last-caliph\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"en_GB\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"A century after the last caliph - CBS26 Arizona\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"You&rsquo;re reading an excerpt from the This day&rsquo;s WorldView e-newsletter. 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